Ibishoboka n'imbogamizi z'isoko rya moto y'amashanyarazi mu burasirazuba bwo hagati

Dukurikije imibare yaturutse mu kigo mpuzamahanga gishinzwe ingufu (IEA), imyuka ya gaze karuboni ya buri mwaka mu karere ko mu burasirazuba bwo hagati igera kuri toni zigera kuri miliyari imwe, aho ubwikorezi bugira uruhare runini.Amapikipiki y'amashanyarazi, nk'imodoka zangiza-zeru, biteganijwe ko zizagira uruhare runini mu kugabanya ihumana ry’ikirere no kuzamura ireme ry’ibidukikije.

Nk’uko IEA ibigaragaza, Uburasirazuba bwo hagati ni bumwe mu buryo bukomoka ku bicuruzwa bikomoka kuri peteroli ku isi, ariko mu myaka yashize, peteroli ikenerwa muri ako karere yagabanutse.Hagati aho, kugurisha ibinyabiziga byamashanyarazi byiyongereye uko umwaka utashye.Dukurikije imibare yaturutse mu bigo by’ubushakashatsi ku isoko, kuva mu mwaka wa 2019 kugeza mu wa 2023, umuvuduko w’ubwiyongere bw’umwaka ku isoko rya moto y’amashanyarazi mu burasirazuba bwo hagati warenze 15%, byerekana ubushobozi bwawo bwo gusimbuza uburyo gakondo bwo gutwara abantu.

Byongeye kandi, guverinoma z’ibihugu bitandukanye byo mu burasirazuba bwo hagati zirimo gushyiraho ingamba zo guteza imbere ibinyabiziga by’amashanyarazi.Kurugero, leta ya Arabiya Sawudite irateganya kubaka sitasiyo zirenga 5.000 muri iki gihugu mu 2030 kugirango zunganire iterambere ryimodoka zikoresha amashanyarazi.Izi politiki ningamba zitanga imbaraga zikomeye kumasoko ya moto yamashanyarazi.

Mugihemotoufite isoko runaka muburasirazuba bwo hagati, hari n'ingorane zimwe.Nubwo ibihugu bimwe byo muburasirazuba bwo hagati byatangiye kongera ibikorwa remezo byo kwishyuza, haracyari ikibazo cyibikoresho byo kwishyuza.Dukurikije imibare yaturutse mu kigo mpuzamahanga gishinzwe ingufu, ubwishingizi bw’ibikorwa remezo byishyurwa mu burasirazuba bwo hagati bingana na 10% gusa by’ingufu zikenerwa muri rusange, biri hasi cyane ugereranije no mu tundi turere.Ibi bigabanya intera kandi byoroshye moto zamashanyarazi.

Kugeza ubu, amapikipiki y’amashanyarazi mu burasirazuba bwo hagati usanga igiciro cyinshi, bitewe ahanini nigiciro kinini cyibigize ingenzi nka bateri.Byongeye kandi, abaguzi bamwe mu turere tumwe na tumwe bashidikanya ku mikorere ya tekiniki no kwizerwa ry’ibinyabiziga bishya by’ingufu, nabyo bigira ingaruka ku byemezo byabo byo kugura.

Nubwo isoko rya moto ryamashanyarazi rigenda ryiyongera buhoro buhoro, mu bice bimwe na bimwe byo mu burasirazuba bwo hagati, haracyari inzitizi zo kumenya.Ubushakashatsi bwakozwe n’isosiyete ikora ubushakashatsi ku isoko bwerekanye ko 30% gusa by’abatuye mu burasirazuba bwo hagati bafite imyumvire yo hejuru kuri moto y’amashanyarazi.Kubwibyo, kongera ubumenyi no kwakira ibinyabiziga byamashanyarazi bikomeje kuba umurimo muremure kandi utoroshye.

Uwitekamotoisoko mu burasirazuba bwo hagati rifite amahirwe menshi, ariko kandi rihura nuruhererekane rwibibazo.Ku nkunga ya leta, kuyobora politiki, no gukomeza gutera imbere mu ikoranabuhanga, isoko rya moto ry’amashanyarazi riteganijwe gutera imbere vuba mu bihe biri imbere.Mu bihe biri imbere, dushobora kwizera ko hazubakwa ibikorwa remezo byinshi byo kwishyuza, igabanuka ry’ibiciro bya moto y’amashanyarazi, ndetse no kongera ubumenyi bw’abaguzi no kwemerwa mu burasirazuba bwo hagati.Izi mbaraga zizatanga amahitamo menshi yuburyo bwingendo burambye mukarere no guteza imbere impinduka niterambere ryurwego rwubwikorezi.