Amashanyarazi ya aside-Bateri & Batiri ya Litiyumu
1. Bateri ya aside-aside
1.1 Batteri ya aside-aside ni iki?
Battery Batiri ya aside-aside ni bateri yo kubika electrode ikozwe cyanekuyoboranaokiside, hamwe na electrolyteacide sulfurike.
Vol Umuvuduko w'izina rya batiri ya selile imwe ya selile-aside ni2.0V, irashobora gusohoka kuri 1.5V ikishyurwa kuri 2.4V.
● Mubisabwa,Akagari kamweBateri ya aside-aside ikunze guhuzwa mukurikirane kugirango ikore izina12VBateri ya aside.
1.2 Imiterere ya Batiri ya aside-aside
● Mugihe cyo gusohora bateri ya aside-aside, igice cyingenzi cya electrode nziza ni dioxyde de gurş, kandi ikigezweho kiva muri electrode nziza ikagera kuri electrode mbi, kandi igice kinini cya electrode mbi ni gurş.
● Muburyo bwo kwishyiriraho bateri ya aside-aside, ibice byingenzi bigize electrode nziza kandi mbi ni sulfate ya sulfate, hamwe nubu bituruka kuri electrode nziza ikagera kuri electrode mbi.
●Bateri ya Graphene: graphene inyongerabyongewe kubintu byiza kandi bibi bya electrode,graphene igizwe nibikoresho bya electrodebyongewe kuri electrode nziza, nagraphene ikorabyongewe kumurongo uyobora.
1.3 Amakuru yo ku cyemezo agereranya iki?
●6-DZF-20:6 bivuze ko harihoImiyoboro 6, buri gride ifite voltage ya2V, na voltage ihujwe murukurikirane ni 12V, na 20 bivuze ko bateri ifite ubushobozi bwa20AH.
● D (amashanyarazi), Z (ifashwa nimbaraga), F (bateri igenzurwa na bateri-yubusa).
●DZM:D (amashanyarazi), Z (imodoka ifashwa ningufu), M (bateri idafite kashe).
●EVF:EV (ikinyabiziga cya batiri), F (bateri igenzurwa na bateri-yubusa).
1.4 Itandukaniro riri hagati ya valve igenzurwa kandi ifunze
●Valve-igenzurwa na bateri yubusa:nta mpamvu yo kongeramo amazi cyangwa aside kugirango ibungabunge, bateri ubwayo ni imiterere ifunze,nta aside isohoka cyangwa igihu cya aside, hamwe n'umutekano umweUmuyoboro, iyo gaze y'imbere irenze agaciro runaka, valve isohoka ihita ifungura kugirango gaze irangire
●Gufunga neza-bateri ya aside-aside:bateri yose niifunze (reaction ya bateri ya redox ikwirakwizwa imbere mugikonoshwa gifunze), bityo bateri idafite kubungabunga idafite "gaze yangiza" yuzuye
2. Bateri ya Litiyumu
2.1 Bateri ya Litiyumu ni iki?
Bat Bateri ya Litiyumu ni ubwoko bwa bateri ikoreshaicyuma cya lithium or lithiumnkibikoresho byiza / bibi bya electrode kandi ikoresha ibisubizo bya electrolyte idafite amazi.(Umunyu wa Litiyumu n'umuti ukungahaye)
2.2 Ibyiciro bya Batiri ya Litiyumu
●Batteri ya Litiyumu irashobora kugabanywamo ibice bibiri: bateri ya lithium ibyuma na batiri ya lithium.Batteri ya ion ya Litiyumu iruta bateri ya lithium mubyerekeranye numutekano, ubushobozi bwihariye, igipimo cyo kwisohora no kugereranya ibiciro.
● Bitewe nubuhanga bwayo bukenewe mu ikoranabuhanga, ibigo byo mu bihugu bike ni byo bitanga ubu bwoko bwa batiri ya lithium.
2.3 Bateri ya Litiyumu Ion
| Ibikoresho byiza bya electrode | Umuvuduko w'izina | Ubucucike bw'ingufu | Ubuzima bwa Cycle | Igiciro | Umutekano | Ibihe | Ubushyuhe busanzwe bukora |
| Litiyumu Cobalt Oxide (LCO) | 3.7V | Hagati | Hasi | Hejuru | Hasi | 00500 300-500 | Litiyumu y'icyuma fosifate: -20 ℃ ~ 65 ℃ Litiyumu ya Ternary: -20 ℃ ~ 45 ℃Batteri ya lithium ya ternary ikora neza kuruta fosifate ya lithium fer yubushyuhe buke, ariko ntishobora kwihanganira ubushyuhe bwinshi nka fosifate ya lithium.Ariko, ibi biterwa nuburyo bwihariye bwa buri ruganda rwa batiri. |
| Oxide ya Litiyumu Manganese (LMO) | 3.6V | Hasi | Hagati | Hasi | Hagati | 00500 800-1000 | |
| Litiyumu Nickel Oxide (LNO) | 3.6V | Hejuru | Hasi | Hejuru | Hasi | Nta makuru | |
| Litiyumu Iron Fosifate (LFP) | 3.2V | Hagati | Hejuru | Hasi | Hejuru | 1200-1500 | |
| Nickel Cobalt Aluminium (NCA) | 3.6V | Hejuru | Hagati | Hagati | Hasi | 00500 800-1200 | |
| Nickel Cobalt Manganese (NCM) | 3.6V | Hejuru | Hejuru | Hagati | Hasi | 0001000 800-1200 |
●Ibikoresho bibi bya electrode:Igishushanyo gikoreshwa cyane.Mubyongeyeho, icyuma cya lithium, lithium alloy, silicon-karubone mbi ya electrode, oxyde mbi ya electrode, nibindi birashobora gukoreshwa kuri electrode mbi
Mugereranije, lithium fer fosifate nikintu cyiza cyane cya electrode nziza.
2.4 Imiterere ya batiri ya Litiyumu-ion
Batiri ya lithium-ion
Amashanyarazi ya Li-ion
Bateri ya lithium ion
Bateri ya Lithium-ion idasanzwe
Bateri yoroheje
Imiterere isanzwe ikoreshwa kuri bateri yimodoka yamashanyarazi:silindrike kandi yoroshye-ipaki
Battery Batiri ya lithium ya Cylindrical:
Ibyiza: tekinoroji ikuze, igiciro gito, ingufu nkeya imwe, byoroshye kugenzura, gukwirakwiza ubushyuhe bwiza
Ibibi:umubare munini wibipaki ya batiri, uburemere buringaniye, ingufu nkeya
Battery Batiri ya litiro yoroshye:
Ibyiza: uburyo bwo gukora burenze urugero, bworoshye, bworoshye, ubwinshi bwingufu, guhinduka kwinshi mugihe ukora paki ya batiri
Ibibi:imikorere mibi muri rusange ya paki ya bateri (idahwitse), ntabwo irwanya ubushyuhe bwinshi, ntabwo byoroshye kubisanzwe, igiciro kinini
● Ni ubuhe buryo bwiza kuri bateri ya lithium?Mubyukuri, nta gisubizo cyuzuye, ahanini biterwa nibisabwa
● Niba ushaka igiciro gito nibikorwa byiza muri rusange: batiri ya lithium ya silindrike> bateri yoroshye-ipaki
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2.5 Imiterere ya Batiri ya Litiyumu
● 18650: 18mm yerekana diameter ya bateri, 65mm yerekana uburebure bwa bateri, 0 yerekana imiterere ya silindrike, n'ibindi
Kubara bateri ya lithium ya 12v20ah: Dufate ko voltage nominal ya bateri ya 18650 ari 3.7V (4.2v iyo yuzuye) kandi ubushobozi ni 2000ah (2ah)
● Kugira ngo ubone 12v, ukeneye bateri 3 18650 (12 / 3.7≈3)
● Kugirango ubone 20ah, 20/2 = 10, ukeneye amatsinda 10 ya bateri, buri hamwe na 3 12V.
● 3 murukurikirane ni 12V, 10 muburinganire ni 20ah, ni ukuvuga 12v20ah (hasabwa selile 30 18650 zose)
● Iyo isohotse, ikigezweho kiva kuri electrode mbi igana kuri electrode nziza
● Iyo kwishyuza, ikigezweho kiva kuri electrode nziza igana kuri electrode mbi
3. Kugereranya hagati ya Batiri ya Litiyumu, Bateri ya aside-aside na Batiri ya Graphene
| Kugereranya | Batiri ya Litiyumu | Bateri ya aside-aside | Batare ya Graphene |
| Igiciro | Hejuru | Hasi | Hagati |
| Impamvu z'umutekano | Hasi | Hejuru | Ugereranije |
| Ingano n'uburemere | Ingano nto, uburemere bworoshye | Ingano nini n'uburemere buremereye | Ingano nini, iremereye kuruta batiri-aside |
| Ubuzima bwa Batteri | Hejuru | Bisanzwe | Kurenza bateri ya aside-aside, munsi ya batiri ya lithium |
| Ubuzima | Imyaka 4 (lithium ternary: inshuro 800-1200 fosifate ya lithium: inshuro 1200-1500) | Imyaka 3 (inshuro 3-500) | Imyaka 3 (> inshuro 500) |
| Birashoboka | Biroroshye kandi byoroshye gutwara | Ntushobora kwishyurwa | Ntushobora kwishyurwa |
| Gusana | Ntibisanwa | Gusanwa | Gusanwa |
● Nta gisubizo cyuzuye kuri bateri nziza kubinyabiziga byamashanyarazi.Biterwa ahanini nibisabwa na bateri.
● Kubijyanye nubuzima bwa bateri nubuzima: batiri ya lithium> graphene> aside aside.
● Kubijyanye nigiciro numutekano: aside aside> graphene> batiri ya lithium.
● Kubijyanye na portable: bateri ya lithium> aside aside = graphene.
4. Impapuro zijyanye na Bateri
Battery Batiri ya aside-aside: Niba bateri ya aside-aside irenze kunyeganyega, itandukaniro ryumuvuduko, hamwe nubushakashatsi bwa 55 ° C, birashobora gusonerwa gutwara imizigo isanzwe.Niba itatsinze ibizamini bitatu, ishyirwa mubintu nkibintu byangiza icyiciro cya 8 (ibintu byangirika)
Certificate Impamyabumenyi zisanzwe zirimo:
●Icyemezo cyo gutwara neza ibicuruzwa bya shimi(ubwikorezi bwo mu kirere / inyanja);
●MSDS(URUPAPURO RWA DATA RW'UMUTEKANO);
Battery Batiri ya Litiyumu: ishyirwa mu cyiciro cya 9 ibicuruzwa byohereza ibicuruzwa hanze
Certificate Impamyabumenyi zisanzwe zirimo: bateri ya lithium ni UN38.3, UN3480, UN3481 na UN3171, icyemezo cyo gupakira ibicuruzwa biteje akaga, raporo yisuzuma ryubwikorezi bwo gutwara ibintu
●UN38.3raporo yo kugenzura umutekano
●UN3480ipaki ya batiri
●UN3481batiri ya lithium-ion yashyizwe mubikoresho cyangwa bateri ya elegitoroniki ya lithium nibikoresho bipakiye hamwe (ibicuruzwa bimwe byangiza kabine)
●UN3171ibinyabiziga bikoresha bateri cyangwa ibikoresho bikoresha bateri (bateri yashyizwe mumodoka, ibicuruzwa bimwe byangiza akabati)
5. Ibibazo bya Batiri
Bat Batteri ya aside-aside ikoreshwa igihe kirekire, kandi guhuza ibyuma imbere muri bateri bikunze gucika, bigatera imiyoboro migufi no gutwikwa bidatinze.Batteri ya Litiyumu irenze ubuzima bwa serivisi, kandi intangiriro ya batiri irashaje kandi iratemba, bishobora gutera byoroshye imiyoboro migufi n'ubushyuhe bwinshi.
Bateri ya aside-aside
Bateri ya Litiyumu
Modification Guhindura bitemewe: Abakoresha bahindura uruziga rwa bateri batabiherewe uburenganzira, bigira ingaruka kumikorere yumutekano wumuriro wamashanyarazi.Guhindura bidakwiye bituma umuzunguruko wikinyabiziga uremererwa cyane, uremerewe cyane, ushyushye, kandi uzunguruka vuba.
Bateri ya aside-aside
Bateri ya Litiyumu
Failure Kunanirwa kwishyurwa.Niba charger isigaye mumodoka umwanya muremure ikanyeganyega, biroroshye gutera capacator hamwe na résistoriste muri charger irekura, ibyo bikaba byoroshye kuganisha kuri bateri.Gufata charger itari yo birashobora kandi gutera amafaranga arenze.
Amagare y'amashanyarazi ahura n'izuba.Mu mpeshyi, ubushyuhe buri hejuru kandi ntibikwiye guhagarika amagare y’amashanyarazi hanze yizuba.Ubushyuhe imbere muri bateri buzakomeza kwiyongera.Niba wishyuye bateri ako kanya nyuma yo kuva murugo uvuye kukazi, ubushyuhe imbere muri bateri buzakomeza kwiyongera.Iyo igeze ku bushyuhe bukomeye, biroroshye guhita.
Moto Amashanyarazi ashyirwa mumazi byoroshye mugihe cyimvura nyinshi.Batteri ya Litiyumu ntishobora gukoreshwa nyuma yo gushiramo amazi.Imashini zikoresha amashanyarazi ya aside-aside ikeneye gusanwa mumaduka yo gusana nyuma yo koga mumazi.
6. Kubungabunga buri munsi no gukoresha Bateri nabandi
Irinde kwishyuza birenze urugero no gusohora birenze urugero
Amafaranga arenze urugero:Mubisanzwe, ibirundo byo kwishyuza bikoreshwa mukwishyuza mubushinwa.Iyo byuzuye, amashanyarazi azahita ahagarikwa.Iyo kwishyuza hamwe na charger, imbaraga zizahita zicika mugihe zuzuye.Usibye charger zisanzwe zidafite amashanyarazi yuzuye-yuzuye, iyo zishyuwe byuzuye, bazakomeza kwishyuza numuyoboro muto, bizagira ingaruka kubuzima igihe kirekire;
Kurenza urugero:Mubisanzwe birasabwa kwishyuza bateri mugihe hasigaye ingufu za 20%.Kwishyuza imbaraga nke mugihe kirekire bizatera bateri kuba munsi ya voltage, kandi ntishobora kwishyurwa.Irakeneye kongera gukora, kandi ntishobora gukora.
● Irinde kuyikoresha mugihe cy'ubushyuhe bwo hejuru kandi buke.Ubushyuhe bwo hejuru buzongera ingufu za chimique kandi butange ubushyuhe bwinshi.Iyo ubushyuhe bugeze ku gaciro kanini, bizatera bateri gutwika no guturika.
● Irinde kwishyurwa vuba, bizatera impinduka mumiterere yimbere no guhungabana.Mugihe kimwe, bateri izashyuha kandi igire ingaruka kubuzima bwa bateri.Ukurikije ibiranga bateri zitandukanye za lithium, kuri bateri ya 20A ya lithium manganese oxyde, ukoresheje charger ya 5A na charger ya 4A mugihe kimwe cyo gukoresha, ukoresheje charger ya 5A bizagabanya ukwezi inshuro 100.
●Niba imodoka y'amashanyarazi idakoreshwa igihe kinini, gerageza kuyishyuza rimwe mu cyumweru cyangwa buri Iminsi 15.Bateri ya aside-aside ubwayo izakoresha hafi 0.5% yingufu zayo buri munsi.Bizatwara vuba iyo byashyizwe kumodoka nshya.
Batteri ya Litiyumu nayo izakoresha imbaraga.Niba bateri itishyuwe igihe kinini, izaba iri mumashanyarazi kandi bateri irashobora kudakoreshwa.
Batiyeri nshya itarapakururwa igomba kwishyurwa rimwe kurenzaIminsi 100.
●Niba bateri yarakoreshejwe igihe kirekireigihe kandi gifite imikorere mike, bateri ya aside-aside irashobora kongerwamo electrolyte cyangwa amazi nababigize umwuga kugirango bakomeze gukoreshwa mugihe runaka, ariko mubihe bisanzwe, birasabwa gusimbuza bateri nshya muburyo butaziguye.Batiri ya lithium ifite imikorere mike kandi ntishobora gusanwa.Birasabwa gusimbuza bateri nshya mu buryo butaziguye.
●Ikibazo cyo kwishyuza: Amashanyarazi agomba gukoresha icyitegererezo gihuye.60V ntishobora kwishyuza bateri 48V, 60V ya aside-aside ntishobora kwishyuza 60V ya litiro, naAmashanyarazi ya aside-aside hamwe na batiri ya lithium ntishobora gukoreshwa muburyo bumwe.
Niba igihe cyo kwishyuza ari kirekire kuruta uko byari bisanzwe, birasabwa gucomeka umugozi wumuriro hanyuma ukareka kwishyuza.Witondere niba bateri yarahinduwe cyangwa yangiritse.
●Ubuzima bwa Bateri = voltage × bateri ampere × umuvuduko power imbaraga za moteri Iyi formula ntabwo ibereye moderi zose, cyane cyane moteri ya moteri ikomeye.Uhujije namakuru yimikoreshereze yabakoresha benshi mubagore, uburyo nuburyo bukurikira:
Bateri ya 48V ya litiro, 1A = 2,5km, 60V ya litiro, 1A = 3km, 72V ya litiro, 1A = 3,5km, aside-aside ni hafi 10% ugereranije na batiri ya litiro.
Batare ya 48V irashobora gukora kilometero 2,5 kuri ampere (48V20A 20 × 2.5 = kilometero 50)
Batare 60V irashobora gukora kilometero 3 kuri ampere (60V20A 20 × 3 = kilometero 60)
Batare 72V irashobora gukora kilometero 3,5 kuri ampere (72V20A 20 × 3.5 = kilometero 70)
●Ubushobozi bwa bateri / A ya charger bingana nigihe cyo kwishyuza, igihe cyo kwishyuza = ubushobozi bwa bateri / charger Umubare, urugero 20A / 4A = amasaha 5, ariko kubera ko uburyo bwo kwishyuza buzagenda buhoro nyuma yo kwishyuza kugeza 80% (pulse izagabanya ikigezweho), mubisanzwe rero byanditswe nka 5-6 amasaha cyangwa amasaha 6-7 (kubwishingizi)
